How Gaganyaan’s heat shield protect astronauts from 1,800°C heat:What is a thermal protection system, and how does it help during re-entry?

Bhaskar English 5 h India

Space travel does not become safe simply because a spacecraft has reached space. In fact, one of the most difficult parts of a space mission begins when the spacecraft starts coming back to Earth. India’s Gaganyaan crew module will have to travel through Earth’s atmosphere at a speed of around 7,500-8,000 metres per second, or nearly 8 km per second, during its return journey. At such speeds, the

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